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1.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-226410

RESUMO

Schistosomiasis is a highly prevalent disease, especially in immigrant populations, and is associated with significant morbidity and diagnostic delays outside endemic areas. For these reasons, the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and the Spanish Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health (SEMTSI) have developed a joint consensus document to serve as a guide for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of this disease outside endemic areas. A panel of experts from both societies identified the main questions to be answered and developed recommendations based on the scientific evidence available at the time. The document was reviewed by the members from both societies for final approval (AU)


La esquistosomiasis es una enfermedad de elevada prevalencia, especialmente en población inmigrante, asociada a importante morbilidad y retraso diagnóstico fuera de zona endémica. Por estas razones, la Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) y la Sociedad Española de Medicina Tropical y Salud Internacional (SEMTSI) han elaborado un documento conjunto de consenso que sirva de guía para el cribado, diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta patología en zonas no endémicas. Un panel de expertos de ambas sociedades identificó las principales preguntas a responder y elaboró las recomendaciones siguiendo la evidencia científica disponible en el momento. El documento fue revisado por los miembros de ambas sociedades para su aprobación final (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Esquistossomose/diagnóstico , Esquistossomose/tratamento farmacológico , Sociedades Médicas , Espanha , Consenso
2.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) ; 41(8): 505-512, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37230838

RESUMO

Schistosomiasis is a highly prevalent disease, especially in immigrant populations, and is associated with significant morbidity and diagnostic delays outside endemic areas. For these reasons, the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and the Spanish Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health (SEMTSI) have developed a joint consensus document to serve as a guide for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of this disease outside endemic areas. A panel of experts from both societies identified the main questions to be answered and developed recommendations based on the scientific evidence available at the time. The document was reviewed by the members from both societies for final approval.

3.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 912017 Jan 09.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28053304

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: According to official statistics, men suffer more occupational diseases (OD) than women. Nevertheless, the unequal distribution and participation in the labor markets between men and women should be kept in mind. The purpose was to assess the gender impact in the recognition of OD in Spain, examining interaction and confounding factors. METHODS: An incidence study of the occupational diseases declared through the official OD reporting forms from 1999 to 2009, provided by the General Subdirectorate of Social and Labor Statistics of the Ministry of Employment and Social Security, was conducted. The variables included were: reporting year, sex, age, occupation and economic activity of the company. Rates and crude relative risks (cRR) by these variables were calculated. Adjusted RR were also computed by using multivariate Poisson regression. RESULTS: During the study period a total of 243,310 OD were reported in Spain, with a sex ratio of men to women of 1.07. Correlation existed between occupation and business activity, thus the OD rates and RR were computed by these variables separately. By occupation, men had a crude RR of 1.067 (95%CI:1.058 to 1.076) versus women, while wen the analysis was adjusted by all the variables, the RR was 0.507 (95%CI:0.502 to 0.512). By economic activity of the company, the sense of risk was reversed too in the adjusted analysis (cRR=1.065, 95%CI:1.056 to 1.074 versus 0.632, 95%CI:0.626 to 0.638). CONCLUSIONS: Although crude OD rates were lower in women than in men during the period 1999-2009 in Spain, when these rates were adjusted by company activity or worker occupation, age and year of OD declaration, RRs become almost 50% higher in women than in men for the majority of occupations and types of company activity.


OBJETIVO: Según las estadísticas oficiales, los hombres sufren más enfermedades profesionales (EEPP) que las mujeres. No obstante, hay que tener presente su desigual distribución y participación en el mundo laboral. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar cómo afecta el sexo al reconocimiento de EEPP en España, identificando posibles factores de interacción/confusión. METODOS: Se estudió la incidencia de las EEPP declaradas a través del Parte Oficial durante el período de 1999 al 2009 proporcionados por la Subdirección General de Estadísticas Sociales y Laborales del Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social. Las variables incluidas fueron: año de declaración, sexo, edad, ocupación y actividad económica de la empresa. Se calcularon tasas y riesgos relativos (RR) crudos de EEPP por cada variable. Se estimaron los RR ajustados mediante análisis bivariable y multivariante de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Durante 1999-2009 se notificaron en España 243.310 EEPP, con una razón de tasas hombres/mujeres de 1,07. Hubo correlación entre la ocupación y la actividad de la empresa, por lo que se analizaron las EEPP según estas variables por separado. Por ocupación, los hombres presentaron un RR crudo de 1,067 (IC95%:1,058-1,076) frente a las mujeres, mientras que al ajustar por todas las variables del modelo el RR fue de 0,507 (IC95%:0,502-0,512). Por actividad, el sentido del riesgo también se invirtió en el análisis ajustado para el sexo (RRc=1,065, IC95%:1,056-1,074 frente a 0,632, IC95%:0,626-0,638). CONCLUSIONES: La declaración de EEPP durante el periodo 1999-2009 fue diferente entre hombres y mujeres según ocupación o actividad de la empresa.


Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/economia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Ocupações , Razão de Chances , Distribuição de Poisson , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 91: 0-0, 2017. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-159019

RESUMO

Fundamentos: Según las estadísticas oficiales, los hombres sufren más enfermedades profesionales (EEPP) que las mujeres. No obstante, hay que tener presente su desigual distribución y participación en el mundo laboral. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar cómo afecta el sexo al reconocimiento de EEPP en España, identificando posibles factores de interacción/confusión. Métodos: Se estudió la incidencia de las EEPP declaradas a través del Parte Oficial durante el período de 1999 al 2009, proporcionados por la Subdirección General de Estadísticas Sociales y Laborales del Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social. Las variables incluidas fueron: año de declaración, sexo, edad, ocupación y actividad económica de la empresa. Se calcularon tasas y riesgos relativos (RR) crudos de EEPP por cada variable. Se estimaron los RR ajustados mediante análisis bivariable y multivariante de Poisson. Resultados: Durante 1999-2009 se notificaron en España 243.310 EEPP, con una razón de tasas hombres/mujeres de 1,07. Hubo correlación entre la ocupación y la actividad de la empresa, por lo que se analizaron las EEPP según estas variables por separado. Por ocupación, los hombres presentaron un RR crudo de 1,067 (IC95%:1,058-1,076) frente a las mujeres, mientras que al ajustar por todas las variables del modelo el RR fue de 0,507 (IC95%:0,502-0,512). Por actividad, el sentido del riesgo también se invirtió en el análisis ajustado para el sexo (RRc=1,065, IC95%:1,056-1,074 frente a 0,632, IC95%:0,626-0,638). Conclusiones: Aunque las tasas crudas de EEPP son inferiores en mujeres que en hombres durante el periodo 1999-2009 en España, al ajustar estas tasas por la actividad de la empresa o la ocupación del trabajador, la edad y el año de declaración, los RR pasan a ser casi un 50% superiores en mujeres que en hombres para la mayoría de ocupaciones y tipos de actividad de la empresa (AU)


Background: According to official statistics, men suffer more occupational diseases (OD) than women. Nevertheless, the unequal distribution and participation in the labor markets between men and women should be kept in mind. The aim was to assess the gender impact in the recognition of OD in Spain, examining interaction and confounding factors. Methods: An incidence study of the occupational diseases declared through the official OD reporting forms from 1999 to 2009, provided by the General Subdirectorate of Social and Labor Statistics of the Ministry of Employment and Social Security, was conducted. The variables included were: reporting year, sex, age, occupation and economic activity of the company. Rates and crude relative risks (cRR) by these variables were calculated. Adjusted RR were also computed by using multivariate Poisson regression. Results: During the study period a total of 243,310 OD were reported in Spain, with a sex ratio of men to women of 1.07. Correlation existed between occupation and business activity, thus the OD rates and RR were computed by these variables separately. By occupation, men had a crude RR of 1.067 (95%CI:1.058 to 1.076) versus women, while wen the analysis was adjusted by all the variables, the RR was 0.507 (95%CI:0.502 to 0.512). By economic activity of the company, the sense of risk was reversed too in the adjusted analysis (cRR=1.065, 95%CI:1.056 to 1.074 versus 0.632, 95%CI:0.626 to 0.638). Conclusions: Although crude OD rates are lower in women than in men during the period 1999-2009 in Spain, when these rates are adjusted by company activity or worker occupation, age and year of OD declaration, RRs become almost 50% higher in women than in men for the majority of occupations and types of company activity (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Exposição Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Análise de Regressão , Saúde Ocupacional/normas , Saúde Pública/normas , Espanha , Ocupações , Incidência , Risco , Fatores Sexuais
7.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 42(6): 316-321, jun. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85838

RESUMO

ObjetivoValorar la eficacia y la seguridad de la insulina de administración oral/bucal.DiseñoRevisión sistemática.Fuentes de datosBases de datos referenciales MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Current Contents, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Agencia Europea del Medicamento, Food and Drug Administration, Red Internacional de Agencias de Evaluación de Tecnologías, Red Europea de Detección Precoz de Tecnologías (EuroScan) y varios registros de investigación.Selección de los estudiosSe recuperaron 2 ensayos clínicos. Se excluyeron aquellos estudios que no comparaban la insulina oral/bucal con el tratamiento estándar con insulina inyectada en términos de parámetros clínicos en la población con diabetes.Extracción de datosLectura crítica según la metodología propuesta por el programa CASPe y la escala de Jadad.ResultadosLa insulina bucal produjo una reducción mayor y más temprana en la glucemia posprandial medida a los 30min en el grupo intervención frente al grupo control (reducción de 55mg/dl) y un pico de insulinemia mayor y más rápido (98 frente a 65μU/ml). Respecto a la insulina oral, los niveles de glucemia posprandial fueron equivalentes a los obtenidos con la insulina inyectada, y la concentración máxima de insulina fue superior (110±130 frente a 96,3±69,7μU/ml).ConclusionesLa insulina oral/bucal presentó, al menos, resultados equivalentes al tratamiento estándar. No obstante, los estudios presentaron problemas metodológicos de validez interna y externa.ConclusionesSe precisan estudios de mayor duración para evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad a largo plazo(AU)


ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of administering oral/buccal insulin.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesReference databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Current Contents, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, European Drugs Agency, Food and Drug Administration, International Network of Technological Evaluation Agencies, European Network for New and Emerging Technologies (EuroScan), and gravel research registers.Selection of the studiesTwo clinical trials were found. Those studies that did not compare oral/buccal insulin with the standard treatment with injected insulin in terms of clinical parameters in a population with diabetes were excluded.Extraction of dataCritical reading according to the method proposed by the CASPe program and the Jadad scale.ResultsBuccal insulin produced a greater and earlier reduction in post-prandial blood glucose at 30min in the intervention group compared to the control group (decrease of 55mg/dl) and a higher and more rapid peak blood insulin (98 compared to 65μU/mL). The postprandial levels with oral insulin were similar to those obtained with injected insulin, and had a higher maximum insulin concentration (110±130 vs. 96.3±69.7μU/mL).ConclusionsOral/buccal insulin gives, at least, results similar to the standard treatment. However, the studies had methodological problems of internal and external validity. Studies of longer duration are required to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Insulina/metabolismo , Insulina/farmacocinética , Administração Oral , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/prevenção & controle , Diabetes Mellitus/terapia , Eficácia/classificação , Eficácia/métodos , Hemoglobinas Glicadas , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/metabolismo , Glicemia/análise , Glicemia/metabolismo , Glicemia/fisiologia
8.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 84(1): 3-11, 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20376409

RESUMO

Tackling health inequalities to achieve health equity is currently one of the main challenges for developed and developing countries. Aware of this reality, and knowing how relevant for economic and social growth the inequalities in health are, the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy has established "Innovation in Public Health: monitoring social determinants of health and reduction of health inequalities" as one of the priorities for the Spanish presidency of the European Union in the first semester of 2010. Furthermore, a national strategy to tackle health inequalities is being developed in the current political term. By choosing this priority, the Spanish Ministry of Health an Social Policy aims to contribute to move forward a coherent and effective agenda at both European and national level, in a new world stage more aware of the social and economic expenditure of inequity in health and its repercussions on countries welfare and development.


Assuntos
Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Sistemas de Informação , Saúde Pública , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Países Desenvolvidos , Países em Desenvolvimento , União Europeia , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Inovação Organizacional , Política Pública , Espanha
9.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 84(1): 3-11, ene.-feb. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-78470

RESUMO

Actualmente uno de los principales retos para las sociedades, tanto desarrolladas como en vías de desarrollo, es disminuir las desigualdades en salud para conseguir una equidad efectiva. El Ministerio de Sanidad y Política Social, consciente de esta realidad y conocedor de la importancia que las desigualdades en salud tienen en el desarrollo económico y social de un país, ha establecido como prioridad para la Presidencia española de la Unión Europea del primer semestre de 2010 la «Innovación en Salud Pública: monitorización de los determinantes sociales de la salud y reducción de las desigualdades en salud». Además, para esta legislatura también se ha marcado la reducción de las desigualdades como una prioridad y se está trabajando en el desarrollo de una estrategia nacional. Al elegir esta prioridad para la Presidencia se pretende, por tanto, dar un nuevo impulso a la equidad en salud en la agenda política, tanto nacional como europea, en un momento en el que contamos con un nuevo escenario mundial más consciente del coste social y económico de la desigualdad, y de sus repercusiones en el bienestar y desarrollo de los países(AU)


Tackling health inequalities to achieve health equity is currently one of the main challenges for developed and developing countries. Aware of this reality, and knowing how relevant for economic and social growth the inequalities in health are, the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy has established «Innovation in Public Health: monitoring social determinants of health and reduction of health inequalities» as one of the priorities for the Spanish presidency of the European Union in the first semester of 2010. Furthermore, a national strategy to tackle health inequalities is being developed in the current political term. By choosing this priority, the Spanish Ministry of Health an Social Policy aims to contribute to move forward a coherent and effective agenda at both European and national level, in a new world stage more aware of the social and economic expenditure of inequity in health and its repercussions on countries welfare and development(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde Pública/métodos , Saúde Pública/tendências , Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde , Indicadores Econômicos , Indicadores de Serviços , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , 34628 , Política Pública , União Europeia/economia , União Europeia/organização & administração , União Europeia/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Socioeconômicos
10.
Aten Primaria ; 42(6): 316-21, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19781818

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of administering oral/buccal insulin. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Reference databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Current Contents, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, European Drugs Agency, Food and Drug Administration, International Network of Technological Evaluation Agencies, European Network for New and Emerging Technologies (EuroScan), and gravel research registers. SELECTION OF THE STUDIES: Two clinical trials were found. Those studies that did not compare oral/buccal insulin with the standard treatment with injected insulin in terms of clinical parameters in a population with diabetes were excluded. EXTRACTION OF DATA: Critical reading according to the method proposed by the CASPe program and the Jadad scale. RESULTS: Buccal insulin produced a greater and earlier reduction in post-prandial blood glucose at 30 min in the intervention group compared to the control group (decrease of 55 mg/dl) and a higher and more rapid peak blood insulin (98 compared to 65 microU/mL). The postprandial levels with oral insulin were similar to those obtained with injected insulin, and had a higher maximum insulin concentration (110+/-130 vs. 96.3+/-69.7 microU/mL). CONCLUSIONS: Oral/buccal insulin gives, at least, results similar to the standard treatment. However, the studies had methodological problems of internal and external validity. Studies of longer duration are required to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos
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